Which statement about holangiotic vasculature is accurate?

• A. It is limited to the area around the optic nerve
• B. It has vessels throughout the fundus
• C. It is only present in primates
• D. It lacks vascularization

Answer: (B)

Holangiotic vasculature means the retinal vessels extend across most of the retina, so you see vessels spread throughout the fundus rather than confined to a tiny area. That’s why the statement describing vessels throughout the fundus is the correct one. It isn’t restricted to the region around the optic nerve, and it isn’t limited to primates—many species have this pattern. It also isn’t avascular, since the retina is richly supplied with blood vessels in holangiotic eyes. For context, the alternative pattern—merangiotic—has vessels in a much more restricted area, underscoring why holangiotic describes the widespread vascular network.